SIMPLIFYING RATIONAL EXPRESSIONS

To simplify rational expressions, we have to eliminate the common factors.

If it is factorable, we can use factoring method to find factors and eliminate common factors. We may have to use algebraic identities to find factors. 

Simplify the rational expressions.

Example 1 :

(2x + 6) / (4x - 12)

Solution :

= 2x +64x - 12= 2(x +3)4(x -3)= (x +3)2(x -3)

Example 2 :

(x2 + 9x + 20) / (2x + 8)

Solution :

= x2+9x+202x+8= x2+4x + 5x+202(x+4)= x(x +4)+5(x + 4)2(x+4) (x+5)(x +4)2(x+4) (x+5)2

Example 3 :

(6x + 24)/(x2 +7x + 12)

Solution :

= 6x +24x2+7x+12= 6(x+4)x2+4x+3x+12= 6(x +4)x(x+4)+3(x+4) 6(x +4)(x+3)(x+4) 6(x+3)

Example 4 :

(3x + 18)/(x2+6x)

Solution :

= 3x+18x2+6x= 3(x+6)x(x+6)= 3x

Example 5 :

(3x - 12)/(3x- 12x)

Solution :

= 3x-123x2-12x= 3(x-4)3x(x-4)= 1x

Example 6 :

(x2 - 5x + 6)/(x+ 2x - 15)

Solution :

= x2-5x+6x2+2x-15= x2-2x-3x+6x2+5x-3x-15= x(x-2)-3(x-2)x(x+5)-3(x+5)= (x-2)(x-3)(x-3)(x+5)= (x-2)(x+5)

Example 7 :

(4x + 4)/(x+ 4x + 3)

Solution :

= (4x+4)x2+4x+3= 4(x+1)x2+1x+3x+3= 4(x+1)x(x+1)+3(x+1)= 4(x+1)(x+1)(x+3)= 4(x+3)

Example 8 :

(x2 - x - 12)/(x2 - 2x - 8)

Solution :

= x2-x-12x2-2x-8= x2-4x+3x-12x2-4x+2x-8= x(x-4)+3(x-4)x(x-4)+2(x-4)= (x+3)(x-4)(x-4)(x+2)= (x+3)(x+2)

Example 9 :

(x2 - 5x + 4)/(x- 4x)

Solution :

= x2-5x+4x2-4x= x2-1x-4x+4x(x-4)= x(x-1)-4(x-1)x(x-4)= (x-3)(x-4)x(x-4)= (x-3)x

Example 10 :

(x2 - x - 30)/(x- 12x + 36)

Solution :

= x2-x-30x2-12x+36= x2-6x+5x-30x2-6x-6x+36= x(x-6)+5(x-6)x(x-6)-6(x-6)= (x-6)(x+5)(x-6)(x - 6)= (x+5)(x-6)

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